Schwan said "the principal support for the postulation of subtle effects is derived from studies which are either incomplete and/or of poor scientific quality. There is no evidence from established biophysical principles suggesting that subtle effects may be caused by or are due to electromagnetic fields or what biological mechanisms might be expected to cause such effects. The studies claiming to have demonstrated subtle effects are further characterized by a lack of proven cause-and-effect relationships and inconsistent experimental results. Additionally assuming that such subtle effects may exist and nothing the extreme difficulty with which they are 'demonstrated', tehre is no basis to substantiate the ocnclusion that any such effects are harmful." Schwan also said: "A good part of the support for the postulation of subtle effects is derived from studies which are either incomplete and/or of poor scientific quality. There is no evidence from established biophysical principles suggesting that subtle effects may be caused by or are due to electromagnetic fields or what biological mechanisms might be expected to cause such effects. Most of the studies claiming to have demonstrated subtle and dangerous effects are further characterized by a lack of proven cause-and-effect relationships and inconsistent experimental results."
For discussion of Schwan's comments about specific investigators and his views regarding the relative worth of studies that do or do not find EMF bioeffects, see Andrew Marino and Joel Ray: The Electric Wilderness, San Francisco Press, San Francisco, CA, 1986, pp. 41-48.