See for example E.L. Carstensen and E.L Sevier: Biological Effects of Transmission Line Fields, New York, 1987; K. Foster: Weak magnetic fields: cancer connection?, In: Phantom Risk, K. Foster, D. Bernstein & P. Huber, Eds., MIT Press, 1993; W.R. Bennett: Cancer and powerlines, Phys. Today 47:23-29, 1994; T.S. Tenforde and W.T. Kaune: Interaction of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields with humans, Health Phys. 53:585-606, 1987; R.K. Adair: Constraints on biological efects of weak extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields, Phys. Rev. A43:1039-1048, 1991.

Schwan's conclusion seems broadly acceptable to professional physicists. For example, in 1995, the Board of Councillors of the American Physical Society voted 35:1 to issue a press release saying that powerline EMFs do not affect human health.

Not all physicists agree with Schwan's calculations and assumptions. There have been many attempts to explicate EMF-induced bioeffects on the basis of different assumptions. See for example A.R. Liboff: Cyclotron resonance in membrane transport, In: Interactions Between Electromagnetic Fields and Cells, A. Chiabrera, C. Nicolini and H.P. Schwan, Eds., Plenum, New York, pp. 281-2956, 1985; F.S. Barnes: Extremely low frequently and very low frequency electric fields: Electrification, frequency sensitivity, noise, and related phenomena, In: CRC Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, C. Polk & E. Postow, Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986, pp.122-138; V.V. Lednev: Possible mechanism for influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems, Bioelectromagnetics 12:71-75, 1991; W. Grundler, F. Kaiser, F. Keilmann and J. Walleczek: Mechanism of electromagnetic interaction with cellular systems, Naturwissenschaften 79:551-559, 1992; J.P. Blanchard and C.F. Blackman: Clarification and amplification of an ion paramagnetic resonance model for magnetic field interactions with biological systems, Bioelectromagnetics 15:217-238, 1994; J.C. Weaver and R.D. Astumian: Issues related to causality of bioelectromagnetic effects, In: Electromagnetic Fields: Biological Interactions and Mechanisms, M. Blank, Ed. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1995, pp. 79-96.


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